Labor unions and business organizations in France commenced crucial negotiations on February 27, 2025, to discuss potential modifications to the controversial 2023 pension reform that raised the retirement age from 62 to 64 years [1].

The talks, scheduled to last three months until early June, are being overseen by Jean-Jacques Marette, former director general of Agirc-Arrco, with participants working from a financial framework established by the Court of Accounts [1][2].

According to the Court's recent report, France's pension system faces a deficit of €6.6 billion in 2025, potentially growing to €15 billion by 2035 and €30 billion by 2045 [1].

Labor unions, including CFDT and CGT, are unified in their opposition to the current retirement age of 64, with CFDT seeking modifications while CGT demands a complete reversal to age 62 [1]. The unions also advocate for improved recognition of workplace hardship and better pension rights for women [2].

Business organizations, led by MEDEF and CPME, present contrasting positions. While CPME shows openness to discussing the retirement age if linked to life expectancy, MEDEF supports maintaining or potentially increasing the current age of 64 [2][3].

Key discussion points include workplace hardship criteria, women's pension rights, and funding mechanisms. The business groups are also promoting the introduction of capitalization elements into the pension system, which unions oppose [2].

Prime Minister François Bayrou's government has pledged non-interference in the negotiations while emphasizing that any agreements must maintain financial equilibrium [1].